Sabtu, 03 Maret 2012

narrative

Pernah mendapat tugas membuat narrative text? Atau sedang membuat skripsi bahasa Inggris dengan variable narrative text? Santai saja, di sini akan dijelaskan secara singkat mengenai teks naratif.

Narrative text, dalam mata kuliah writing and composition biasanya disebut narration, adalah salah satu jenis teks dalam sebuah bahasa. Biasanya, narrative text (teks naratif) berisi tentang cerita--baik cerita fiksi, cerita non-fiksi, dongeng, cerita rakyat, cerita binatang / fabel dll, pokoknya semua hal tentang cerita ya narrative namanya... :-)

Mengacu pada keterangan di atas, contoh - contoh narrative text sebenarnya sudah banyak diterbitkan dalam blog ini, seperti :

Mudah bukan?

Sekarang sedikit serius, karena akan menjurus pada penjelasan, oke...

Pengertian Narrative Text

Disebutkan bahwa A narrative text is an imaginative story to entertain people (teks narasi adalah cerita imaginatif yang bertujuan menghibur orang). 

Jika melihat pada kamus bahasa Inggris, secara harfiah narrative bermakna (1) a spoken or written account of connected events; a story. (2) the narrated part of a literary work, as distinct from dialogue. (3) the practice or art of narration.

(Narrative bermakna : 1. sebuah cerita baik terucap atau tertulis tentang peristiwa-peristiwa yang berhubungan. 2. bagian yang diceritakan dalam sebuah karya sastra, berbeda dengan dialog. 3. Praktik atau seni bercerita) 

Jika disimpulkan, maka sebuah narrative text adalah teks yang berisi sebuah cerita baik tertulis ataupun tidak tertulis dan terdapat rangkaian peristiwa yang saling terhubung.

Generic Structure dari Narrative Text

Bagi sobat yang masih duduk di bangku sekolah tingkat menengah, penjelasan mengenai narrative texts tak usah sulit-sulit ya.. Intinya, narrative text ini mempunyai struktur / susunan seperti di bawah ini : 
Orientation : It is about the opening paragraph where the characters of the story are introduced.(berisi pengenalan tokoh, tempat dan waktu terjadinya cerita (siapa atau apa, kapan dan dimana) 

Complication : Where the problems in the story developed. (Permasalahan muncul / mulai terjadi dan berkembang)

Resolution : Where the problems in the story is solved. Masalah selesai, --- secara baik "happy ending" ataupun buruk "bad ending".

Kadangkala susunan (generic structure) narrative text bisa berisi: Orientation, Complication, Evaluation, Resolution dan Reorientation. Meski “Evaluation” dan “Reorientation” merupakan optional; bisa ditambahkan dan bisa tidak. Evaluation berisi penilaian/evaluasi terhadap jalannya cerita atau konflik. Sedangkan Reorientation berisi penyimpulan isi akhir cerita.

Jika sudah mahir membuat cerita narrative, susunannya bisa diubah-ubah kok, yang terpenting bagian-bagian di atas masih tetap ada dalam tulisan narrative sobat. 
Grammar Used dalam Narrative Text

Grammar (tata bahasa) yang sering muncul dalam membuat narrative text adalah:

Menggunakan tenses "Past", baik simple, past perfect, past continuous, past perfect continuous, atau bisa saja past future continuous. (aturan ini bukan aturan wajib yang mutlak harus dipenuhi kok. Tidak percaya, tanyakan pada guru bahasa Inggris sobat)

announcement


Announcement (Pengumuman)
Announcement artinya pengumuman. Announcement dibuat dan disampaikan kepada khalayak ramai agar diketahui secara umum.
Announcement bisa berbentuk Spoken Announcement (Pengumuman lisan) biasanya diawali dengan kata Attention, Pay attention please, atau Attention please dan Written announcement (Pengumuman secara tertulis) biasanya diawali dengan kata Announcement pada kop atau judul.

Teks Pengumuman terdiri dari :
• The title/ type of event ( judul / nama acara)
• Date/time ( hari dan waktu)
• Place ( tempat)
• Who to contact ( orang yang bisa dihubungi untuk informasi lebih lanjut)

Contoh Pengumuman Tertulis (Written Announcement):

To all readers of the Hello Magazine,
We would like to inform you that starting from this edition, all inquiries, subscription, and letters concerning the Hello Magazine should be addressed to :
Hello Magazine, 251 Palapa Dua Street Jakarta

Contoh Pengumuman Lisan (Spoken Announcement):

Your attention, please !
You are all supposed to bring a piece of English advertisement next Monday.
We will use your advertisement for our discussion in our English class.
Thank you.




soal


Attention
All students must join the class meeting from 15th December to 21st Desember2008
                                                                                                                  Principal
                                                                                                                  Nathalie
1. What kind of the text is it ?
A. A letter
B. A label
C. A postcard
D. An announcement
Answer : D
2. what is the text about ?
A. The class meeting in a school.
B. The winner of the class meeting.
C. An invitation t o join a class meeting.
D. The plan of having a class meeting.
Answer : C
To : All students and teachers
Come and visit our new librabry. Lots of new books (brand new novels and non-fiction books) are available. You can also enjoy our newest DVDs collection.
Head of library
Ramadhan
3. What are the things offered in the new library ?
A. Books and DVDs.
B. Old and new books.
C. New books and novels.
D. New DVDs and non-fiction books.
Answer : C
4. Why does the writer make the announcement ?
A. To resume a new novel.
B. To invite the reader to visit the library.
C. To let the reader know about the head of library.
D. To help the reader know where to find the DVDs.
Answer : B
5. Who make the announcement ?
A. Ramadhan
B. All students
C. All teachers
D. The librarian
Answer : A
Announcement
English Conversation Club (SCC)
is opening registration for new members
join us and improve your English!
Every Thursday from 16.00 to 17.00 at the school hall
For registration, please contact
Wayan (VIIA)
Anissa (VIIB)
6. When do the members have meeting ?
A. In the morning.
B. On Thursday afternoon.
C. On Thursday morning.
D. In the afternoon at three o’clock.
Answer : B
7. Where do they have the meeting ?
A. In the ECC’s meeting room.
B. In the VIIA classroom.
C. At the school hall.
D. At the cafetaria.
Answer : C
8. How long does the meeting last ?
A. One and a half hours.
B. One hour.
C. One and a quarter hours.
D. Two hours.
Answer : A




Announcement
This is a new school year and there are many new students arround. Please be friendly and help them understand the rules of our school.
                                                                                                                             Principal
9. Where can you find the text ?
A. At a school.
B. At a bookstore.
C. At a bank.
D. At a park.
Answer : A
10. Why does the principal make the announcement ?
A. To ask the students to nice and helpful to the new comers.
B. To let the students know that they have their junior.
C. To ask the students to contact their parents.
D. To inform about the new school year.
Answer : D
11. Who do you think reads the announcement ?
A. New students.
B. Senior students.
C. Parents.
D. Teachers.
Answer : A
12. ” Please be friendly….” . What is the meaning of the underlined word ?
A. Disturbing
B. Interesting
C. Welcoming
D. Attracting
Answer : C
Announcement
There will be a holiday camp next month. All scout must join this camp. The activity will take place at Bangunharjo camping sie and last for three days.
for further information, please contact Mr. Arkan.
                                                                                                 Banyumas, May 12th,2009
                                                                                            The Chief of Scout Organization
13.When will the activity be held ?
A. In May
B. In June
C. In July
D. In August
Answer : A
14. If the camp starts in June 5th, when will it end ?
A. June 6th.
B. June 7th.
C. May 12th.
D. May 25th.
Answer : B
15. Who must join the activity ?
A. All students
B. All scouts
C. All chiefs
D. All Banyumas people
Answer : B

Senin, 30 Januari 2012

contoh cv

Vico Viantommy Utomo
Address           : ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Email               : ……………..
Phone              : …………….
1.      Profile
I have a good attitude. I be able to work in group or by self. I be able to operate computer. I be able to communicate with others well.
2.      Work Experience
July 2006- October 2006 Estimator in CV. Bangun Anugerah to built Utama Teknik Shop in Agus Salim street Jurnathan Semarang.
December 2007- April 2008 Estimator and sales marketing in built Lambu Residence in Lambu, Bima, Nusa Tenggara Barat.
3.      Educational Background
At 1994-2000 in SD Negeri 2 Batursari, Pati.  At 2000-2003 in SMP Negeri 1 Kaliori, Rembang. At 2003-2007 in SMK Negeri 7 Semarang. At 2008-until now in IKIP PGRI Semarang. And I have non formal education at 2003 I participate Microsoft office course in LPK Wahana Komputer, at 2006 I participate Autocad 3D in LPK Budiman, at 2005 I participate English course in LBB LIA.
4.      Language Skill
I be able to speak Indonesian. I be able to speak Javanesse. I be able to speak English well as passive or active.


5.      Computer Skills
I be able to operate Microsoft. I be able drawing use Autocad 3D. And I an operate internet like email, Browsing, blogging, Ym, Skype and etc.
6.      Hobbies
I like playing guitar, playing football and I like plying drum every week end.


                

Kamis, 12 Januari 2012

LESSON PLAN

COMPETENCY STANDARD

6. Expressing meaning in short written functional text and simple procedure text in daily life.

BASIC COMPETENCE

6.1 Expressing meaning in short written functional text(example, an experience, journal) formal and informal use various languages accurately, fluently, and acceptable in daily life.

TOPIC:

Procedure text

OBJECTIVE:

Students can produce procedure text in daily life.

INDICATORS:

  • To identify the schematic structure, social function and language feature of procedure text.
  • To classify the schematic structure, social function and language feature of procedure text.
  • To produce procedure text.

OUTCOME/SUCCESS CRITERIA:

  • Identify the schematic structure, social function and language feature of procedure text.
  • Classify the schematic structure, social function and language feature of procedure text.
  • Produce procedure text.

SUBJECT: English

CLASS : X

SEMESTER : 1

DATE : June 8,2011

TIME : 15 minutes

MEETING : 1

RECOURCES :

  1. Prastikawati, Entika Fani & Musarokah, Siti.2010.Writing 3 Handsout and Assignment. Semarang:IKIP PGRI Semarang.
  2. Sudarwati.2007. Look Ahead Jilid I(KTSP).Surabaya. Erlangga.
  3. Handout

No

Time

Method

Resource

Activities

1

3’

Question and Answer

Slide Presentation

Handout

STARTER

Building knowledge of the field

- Give students stimulus about text by asking them about kind of familiar procedure text.

Main Activity

For the exploration

Show a text entitled “How to make hot coffee” .Ask them what kind of the text of “How to make hot coffee”

2

8’

Task

Discussion

For the elaboration

- Show the example of procedure text and explaining the social function, generic structure, and language features of procedure text.

- Give the students another example of procedure text and explain about the social function, generic structure, and language features of procedure text.

For the confirmation:

- Ask the students to do the exercise about the text.

3

4’

Question and Answer

Teacher’s question

PLENARY:

- Check the students’ comprehension of procedure text by asking question for a review.

- Give the students homework

HOMEWORK:

Students have to write a procedure text about their own topic and tell in the next meeting

Semarang, June 8, 2011

English Teacher

nn


Senin, 05 Desember 2011

how to make thesis

The Proposal Writing Guide:
How to Write a Winning Thesis Proposal

Excepts from an article about how to write a thesis proposal — written by Dr. Wendy Carter for FinishLine, the free monthly newsletter of TA-DA!™, which provides tips, tools, and techniques for completing a thesis or dissertation

When I was in graduate school I spent a lot of time going to workshops on how to write a thesis proposal. None helped me jumpstart the thesis proposal writing process. Usually after a workshop I felt more overwhelmed than I did before attending.

Looking at sample thesis proposals in my discipline gave me some ideas, but did not motivate me to get started. It wasn't until I found a wonderful book called The Proposal Cookbook: A Step by Step Guide to Dissertation and Thesis Proposal Writing by J. Bruce Francis, that I felt confident to begin writing my thesis proposal. This book is out of print, so I have summarized some of its suggestions for you here.

Before we start, here's a thesis writing tip

A thesis proposal is generally written in the present and future tense. A thesis on the other hand is always written in past tense.

The following tips assume that you already have a thesis topic selected.

13 Ingredients of a Winning Thesis Proposal

1. Introduction (1-2 pages)

  • If you are required to write an introduction, write it so it captures the reader’s interest in this overview. It does not have to be perfect.
  • You can write this section last. Your best overview of you project most likely will come after you have written the other sections of your proposal.

2. Problem Statement

  • First formulate a research question. Next restate the question in the form of a statement: note the adverse consequences of the problem.
  • The type of study determines the kinds of question you should formulate, such as Is there something wrong in society, theoretically unclear or in dispute, or historically worth studying? Is there a program, drug, project, or product that needs evaluation? What do you intend to create or produce and how will it be of value to you and society?

3. Background

  • Capture the reader’s interest and convince him/her of the significance of the problem.
  • Give at least three reasons why the problem you have chosen is important to you and society, and specify at least two concrete examples of the problem.

4. Purpose

  • Begin with “The purpose of this study is to…” change, interpret, understand, evaluate, or analyze the problem.
  • State your thesis goal completely. Remember, it should be some form of investigative activity.

5. Significance

  • Focus on the benefits of your study not the research problem.
  • Place yourself in the position of responding to someone who says “so what?” Provide a persuasive rationale for your argument by answering the following questions: Why is your study important? To whom is it important? What can happen to society, or theory, or a program if the study is done or not done?

6. Methodology

  • Describe in technical language your research perspective and your past, present, or possible future points of view.
  • List three research methodologies you could use, and describe why each might be appropriate and feasible. Select the most viable method.

7. Literature Review

  • Locate and briefly describe those studies and theories that support and oppose your approach to the problem. In other words, place the proposed study in context through a critical analysis of selected research reports.
  • Be sure to include alternative methodological approaches that have been used by others who studied your problem.

8. Hypotheses

  • State clearly and succinctly what you expect the results of your study to show.
  • Focus more on the substantive nature of what you expect to find and less on how you will test for those expectations.

9. Definition of Terms

  • Describe for the reader the exact meaning of all terms used in the problem, purpose and methodology sections. Include any terms that, if not defined, might confuse the reader.
  • State the clearest definition of each term using synonyms, analogies, descriptions, examples etc. Define any theoretical terms as they are defined by proponents of the theory you are using.

10. Assumptions

  • Describe untested and un-testable positions, basic values, world views, or beliefs that are assumed in your study.
  • Your examination should extend to your methodological assumptions, such as the attitude you have toward different analytic approaches and data-gathering methods. Make the reader aware of your own biases.

11. Scope & Limitations

  • Disclose any conceptual and methodological limitations
  • Use the following questions to identify the limitations of your study: What kind of design, sampling, measurement, and analysis would be used “in the best of all possible worlds”? How far from these ideals is your study likely to be?

12. Procedure

  • Describe in detail all the steps you will carry out to choose subjects, construct variables, develop hypotheses, gather and present data, such that another researcher could replicate your work.
  • Remember the presentation of data never speaks for itself, it must be interpreted.

13. Long-Range Consequences

  • Think ahead approximately three years after the completion of your thesis project. What are the long-term consequences of your having done the study or not done the study?
  • If you carry out the study successfully your results will: confirm your hypothesis; contradict your hypothesis; or possibly be inconclusive.

Wendy Y. Carter, Ph.D.

Looking for Thesis Proposal Writing Software?

If you are looking for software to help you write your thesis proposal, check out our TADA! Thesis and Dissertation Accomplished™online program. This resource tool can help you throughout the thesis writing process. Not complicated new software to learn, but a thesis writing guide. Here's how TA-DA!™ has helped many many graduates students finish with less stress and confidence