Sabtu, 03 Maret 2012

narrative

Pernah mendapat tugas membuat narrative text? Atau sedang membuat skripsi bahasa Inggris dengan variable narrative text? Santai saja, di sini akan dijelaskan secara singkat mengenai teks naratif.

Narrative text, dalam mata kuliah writing and composition biasanya disebut narration, adalah salah satu jenis teks dalam sebuah bahasa. Biasanya, narrative text (teks naratif) berisi tentang cerita--baik cerita fiksi, cerita non-fiksi, dongeng, cerita rakyat, cerita binatang / fabel dll, pokoknya semua hal tentang cerita ya narrative namanya... :-)

Mengacu pada keterangan di atas, contoh - contoh narrative text sebenarnya sudah banyak diterbitkan dalam blog ini, seperti :

Mudah bukan?

Sekarang sedikit serius, karena akan menjurus pada penjelasan, oke...

Pengertian Narrative Text

Disebutkan bahwa A narrative text is an imaginative story to entertain people (teks narasi adalah cerita imaginatif yang bertujuan menghibur orang). 

Jika melihat pada kamus bahasa Inggris, secara harfiah narrative bermakna (1) a spoken or written account of connected events; a story. (2) the narrated part of a literary work, as distinct from dialogue. (3) the practice or art of narration.

(Narrative bermakna : 1. sebuah cerita baik terucap atau tertulis tentang peristiwa-peristiwa yang berhubungan. 2. bagian yang diceritakan dalam sebuah karya sastra, berbeda dengan dialog. 3. Praktik atau seni bercerita) 

Jika disimpulkan, maka sebuah narrative text adalah teks yang berisi sebuah cerita baik tertulis ataupun tidak tertulis dan terdapat rangkaian peristiwa yang saling terhubung.

Generic Structure dari Narrative Text

Bagi sobat yang masih duduk di bangku sekolah tingkat menengah, penjelasan mengenai narrative texts tak usah sulit-sulit ya.. Intinya, narrative text ini mempunyai struktur / susunan seperti di bawah ini : 
Orientation : It is about the opening paragraph where the characters of the story are introduced.(berisi pengenalan tokoh, tempat dan waktu terjadinya cerita (siapa atau apa, kapan dan dimana) 

Complication : Where the problems in the story developed. (Permasalahan muncul / mulai terjadi dan berkembang)

Resolution : Where the problems in the story is solved. Masalah selesai, --- secara baik "happy ending" ataupun buruk "bad ending".

Kadangkala susunan (generic structure) narrative text bisa berisi: Orientation, Complication, Evaluation, Resolution dan Reorientation. Meski “Evaluation” dan “Reorientation” merupakan optional; bisa ditambahkan dan bisa tidak. Evaluation berisi penilaian/evaluasi terhadap jalannya cerita atau konflik. Sedangkan Reorientation berisi penyimpulan isi akhir cerita.

Jika sudah mahir membuat cerita narrative, susunannya bisa diubah-ubah kok, yang terpenting bagian-bagian di atas masih tetap ada dalam tulisan narrative sobat. 
Grammar Used dalam Narrative Text

Grammar (tata bahasa) yang sering muncul dalam membuat narrative text adalah:

Menggunakan tenses "Past", baik simple, past perfect, past continuous, past perfect continuous, atau bisa saja past future continuous. (aturan ini bukan aturan wajib yang mutlak harus dipenuhi kok. Tidak percaya, tanyakan pada guru bahasa Inggris sobat)

announcement


Announcement (Pengumuman)
Announcement artinya pengumuman. Announcement dibuat dan disampaikan kepada khalayak ramai agar diketahui secara umum.
Announcement bisa berbentuk Spoken Announcement (Pengumuman lisan) biasanya diawali dengan kata Attention, Pay attention please, atau Attention please dan Written announcement (Pengumuman secara tertulis) biasanya diawali dengan kata Announcement pada kop atau judul.

Teks Pengumuman terdiri dari :
• The title/ type of event ( judul / nama acara)
• Date/time ( hari dan waktu)
• Place ( tempat)
• Who to contact ( orang yang bisa dihubungi untuk informasi lebih lanjut)

Contoh Pengumuman Tertulis (Written Announcement):

To all readers of the Hello Magazine,
We would like to inform you that starting from this edition, all inquiries, subscription, and letters concerning the Hello Magazine should be addressed to :
Hello Magazine, 251 Palapa Dua Street Jakarta

Contoh Pengumuman Lisan (Spoken Announcement):

Your attention, please !
You are all supposed to bring a piece of English advertisement next Monday.
We will use your advertisement for our discussion in our English class.
Thank you.




soal


Attention
All students must join the class meeting from 15th December to 21st Desember2008
                                                                                                                  Principal
                                                                                                                  Nathalie
1. What kind of the text is it ?
A. A letter
B. A label
C. A postcard
D. An announcement
Answer : D
2. what is the text about ?
A. The class meeting in a school.
B. The winner of the class meeting.
C. An invitation t o join a class meeting.
D. The plan of having a class meeting.
Answer : C
To : All students and teachers
Come and visit our new librabry. Lots of new books (brand new novels and non-fiction books) are available. You can also enjoy our newest DVDs collection.
Head of library
Ramadhan
3. What are the things offered in the new library ?
A. Books and DVDs.
B. Old and new books.
C. New books and novels.
D. New DVDs and non-fiction books.
Answer : C
4. Why does the writer make the announcement ?
A. To resume a new novel.
B. To invite the reader to visit the library.
C. To let the reader know about the head of library.
D. To help the reader know where to find the DVDs.
Answer : B
5. Who make the announcement ?
A. Ramadhan
B. All students
C. All teachers
D. The librarian
Answer : A
Announcement
English Conversation Club (SCC)
is opening registration for new members
join us and improve your English!
Every Thursday from 16.00 to 17.00 at the school hall
For registration, please contact
Wayan (VIIA)
Anissa (VIIB)
6. When do the members have meeting ?
A. In the morning.
B. On Thursday afternoon.
C. On Thursday morning.
D. In the afternoon at three o’clock.
Answer : B
7. Where do they have the meeting ?
A. In the ECC’s meeting room.
B. In the VIIA classroom.
C. At the school hall.
D. At the cafetaria.
Answer : C
8. How long does the meeting last ?
A. One and a half hours.
B. One hour.
C. One and a quarter hours.
D. Two hours.
Answer : A




Announcement
This is a new school year and there are many new students arround. Please be friendly and help them understand the rules of our school.
                                                                                                                             Principal
9. Where can you find the text ?
A. At a school.
B. At a bookstore.
C. At a bank.
D. At a park.
Answer : A
10. Why does the principal make the announcement ?
A. To ask the students to nice and helpful to the new comers.
B. To let the students know that they have their junior.
C. To ask the students to contact their parents.
D. To inform about the new school year.
Answer : D
11. Who do you think reads the announcement ?
A. New students.
B. Senior students.
C. Parents.
D. Teachers.
Answer : A
12. ” Please be friendly….” . What is the meaning of the underlined word ?
A. Disturbing
B. Interesting
C. Welcoming
D. Attracting
Answer : C
Announcement
There will be a holiday camp next month. All scout must join this camp. The activity will take place at Bangunharjo camping sie and last for three days.
for further information, please contact Mr. Arkan.
                                                                                                 Banyumas, May 12th,2009
                                                                                            The Chief of Scout Organization
13.When will the activity be held ?
A. In May
B. In June
C. In July
D. In August
Answer : A
14. If the camp starts in June 5th, when will it end ?
A. June 6th.
B. June 7th.
C. May 12th.
D. May 25th.
Answer : B
15. Who must join the activity ?
A. All students
B. All scouts
C. All chiefs
D. All Banyumas people
Answer : B